COLREG exams test both knowledge and the ability to analyse situations. If you understand the logic behind the Rules, you will do better in the exam and on watch.
1. Learn the structure
Think of the Rules in five groups: General (1-3), Steering and Sailing (4-19), Lights and Shapes (20-31), Sound and Light Signals (32-37) and Exemptions (38). Knowing where to look speeds up your answers.
2. Draw it
For every encounter question, draw it: your vessel, the other vessel, courses and bearings. The right answer is often visible in the sketch.
3. Use a decision tree
Ask in this order:
- Are the vessels in sight of one another (Rules 11-18) or in restricted visibility (Rule 19)?
- Are the vessel types different (Rule 18 hierarchy)?
- Is it overtaking, head-on or crossing?
- Am I the give-way or the stand-on vessel?
4. Write your own memory aids
- Sound signals: 1 short = starboard, 2 short = port, 3 short = astern.
- In a crossing situation, the vessel that sees the other on her starboard side gives way.
- In a head-on situation, both alter to starboard.
5. Learn lights with cards
Make cards with the light pattern on one side and the vessel type on the other. Ten cards a day before the exam is enough.
6. Practise with past questions
Use sample questions from recognised training institutions, work against the clock and keep a notebook of your mistakes.
7. Apply it on watch
For every vessel you see, ask yourself: "Who gives way to whom?" This habit is the best preparation.
Good luck. Follow the official announcements of the relevant authority for exam requirements.